Rock climbing is a great full body workout, especially if you are a beginner, or you have never done it before.

Rock climbing heavily targets your back, arms, and core. In addition to these muscles, which are the most worked muscles while climbing, you will also use your feet, triceps, and occasionally, your chest for certain moves. Most likely all parts of your body will be used while climbing at times, it depends on the level of climbing, the difficulty of the route, and the route itself.

It's not uncommon for new climbers to be sore in places they have never been sore before. This is because climbing uses many smaller muscles that people normally do not use, even if they are coming from a history of other sports or weight training.

In addition to the smaller, mostly unused muscles, it also uses your main muscles in ways that you may normally not use. This is because in order to stay close to the wall, you have to sometimes put your body in positions that may be quite awkward to your muscles since they are positions your body just isn't used to, which means you will use your muscles to get in and out of those positions in ways they are not used to.

Beta spraying is when one climber tells another how a route is supposed to be climbed, or what they need to do, without them asking for the help.

This annoys many climbers for a few reasons.

First, a big part of climbing is the mental challenge of figuring out the puzzle.
Figuring out the beta on your own helps you progress as a climber by being able to understand the problems and coming up with solutions on your own. Being able to correctly read a route and to apply your own climbing style to it in order to complete that route is what can make the difference between you being a beginner climber to being a more advanced climber that can flash routes.
Without learning how to problem-solve and to read routes without being told the beta, you will find it extremely difficult to progress to a high level in climbing and to be able to flash routes without being told what to do. And those who beta spray sometimes take this opportunity away from others by giving them the answers and not giving them a chance to think about it and solve it on their own.

Second, the beta they give to others may just be wrong.
From my experience, those who beta spray are usually either beginner climbers, or, climbers that are slightly above the beginner level that feel comfortable enough to tell others how they should climb a route, either because they were able to do it, or because someone else told them what the beta is. Either way, the beta they give could just be wrong, and in many occasions, when this has happened to me, they were wrong.

Third, the beta could be correct, but for them.
Everyone has their own climbing style, so the solution that works for one climber, in this case, the beta sprayer, may not work for you. This is something that many climbers don't understand. When they are persistent in saying that you need to do it in a specific way, a way that maybe worked for them, sometimes, it just doesn't work like that for others.

Climbers don't wear gloves while bouldering, sport climbing, or any other type of rock climbing, with the exception of crack climbing in which the climber may wear a special kind of glove that covers the back part of the hand, leaving the palm uncovered.

Climbers don't usually wear gloves because gloves reduce the friction between the climbing holds and the climbers hands. In very easy and beginner level climbing, this may not be so important, but for later on it will be crucial and could prevent climbers from holding certain holds.

Some holds require a large amount of friction, otherwise you can just slip right off. Wearing gloves, even those that cover only the palm and leave the fingers exposed, reduces that much-needed friction way too much. This is also why crack climbing gloves cover only the back side of the hand, and not the palm. Crack climbers still use their fingers and palms for climbing, so they must be exposed and not covered. The back side of their hands are covered up to help reduce pain and injuries from the pressure of their hands against the cracks.

Your lats and your back would do most of the work while climbing.

Something beginner climbers usually experience is that sensation of discovering "new" muscles in their arms. These are just muscles that they have not used before, or not as often as they do in climbing. Many may think that this means that your arms are the most worked muscles in climbing, since they hurt the most, but, it's just because they are normally not utilized in the same way as they are when climbing.

Your back muscles, on the other hand, are those which actually pull you up. Your arms are used for keeping you on the wall, but what lifts you up, other than your feet which should be pushing you up, are your lats and back muscles.

Think of it like a pull-up. You can hang from the bar for quite a while, but, the moment you start to lift your self up, and do this repeatedly, your back will begin to slowly fail, as it is the back muscles that are bringing you up.

Part of a rock climbers training is to be able to climb for longer periods of time. They do this by doing endurance training, which allows them to scale up very tall walls and long routes.

This also comes in to play with bouldering. Climbers are able to have long 3-4 hour climbing sessions by resting in between routes and attempts. The amount of time each climber rests depends on the climber, their endurance, and the route being climbed.

Generally, it's not abnormal for climbers to spend over 6 hours climbing. It's just the nature of the sport. Climbers are not constantly exerting energy the whole climbing session, they are resting enough time in between attempts to allow them to make the most out of each training session.

Even when climbing a big wall and a long route, climbers are able to find certain spots on the route to rest. And this is where climbers excel. Climbers can find spots to rest mid-route that would seem impossible to non-climbers. These spots could be very small hand holds, but for a climber, this could be all they need to recover some of their energy, reduce the pump in their forearms, and continue climbing.

Bent climbing shoes are called aggressive climbing shoes. They are bent, and many times also have a curve in the direction of your big toe, to give you more power when standing with your toes on small edges, and to give you more pulling power with your toes. Imagine a piece of paper on the floor in front of you, put the tips of your toes on it and pull it towards you - aggressive climbing shoes make it easier to pull your body weight like this on climbing holds, they allow you to pull yourself closer to the wall and keep you there.

The bend helps you engage more and put more force onto the tip of your shoes, allowing you to add more tension and be more stable on tiny edges that otherwise could be very difficult to stand on.

Aggressive climbing shoes are also great for overhanging climbing, since the added tension and force you can exert with your toes can help you keep your feet on the wall, which prevents you from cutting loose and hanging from your hands, which can be very tiring and costly and could cost you finishing the route.